G.e Rudzitis F.g Feldman 10 — Klass Stranica 22 Uprazhnenie

This allows carbon to form 4 covalent bonds in organic compounds (tetravalency). 💡 Key Study Tips

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Carbon is unique because it sits in the middle of the second period (Group 14). It has 4 electrons in its outer shell. Stability: C-C bonds are very strong and stable. This allows carbon to form 4 covalent bonds

This exercise appears at the end of (or similar introductory chapters on structure) in the 10th-grade Organic Chemistry textbook by G.E. Rudzitis and F.G. Feldman. It has 4 electrons in its outer shell

To understand the bonding, look at the ground state vs. the excited state: 1s22s22p21 s squared 2 s squared 2 p squared (2 unpaired electrons). Excited State ( C*cap C raised to the * power ): 1s22s12p31 s squared 2 s to the first power 2 p cubed (4 unpaired electrons).

Always remember that in organic molecules, carbon is always tetravalent (forms 4 bonds).

A chemical bond is the result of the interaction between atoms that leads to the formation of a stable multi-atomic system (molecule or crystal). In organic chemistry, the is dominant. It is formed by shared electron pairs between atoms. Question 2: Why can Carbon form long chains?