Behaviors that emphasize a power imbalance, such as social isolation, personal servitude (running errands for older members), or being required to wear specific clothing.

Hazing is defined as any activity expected of someone joining or participating in a group that humiliates, degrades, abuses, or endangers them, regardless of their willingness to participate. It typically falls into three categories:

While proponents claim these rituals build group solidarity, research suggests otherwise. Instead of healthy bonding, hazing often: