Tarihi — Osmanlд±

: Increasing debt and nationalist uprisings weakened central control. 4. Collapse (1908–1922)

: Suleiman (the "Lawgiver") codified a unified legal system. 3. Stagnation and Reform (1600s–1800s) OsmanlД± Tarihi

: Captured Constantinople in 1453, ending the Byzantine Empire. 2. The Golden Age (1453–1566) : Increasing debt and nationalist uprisings weakened central

: Allying with the Central Powers led to total defeat and occupation. OsmanlД± Tarihi

: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk founded the Republic of Turkey in 1923.

: Defeat at the Battle of Vienna (1683) signaled a turning point.

: Re-established the constitution in 1908.