: Warriors were motivated by "Gaza," or holy warfare.
: Overhauled the legal system, earning the title "The Lawgiver." The Ottoman Empire, 1300-1650
Claimed the title of , making the Sultan the spiritual leader of Islam. Suleiman the Magnificent (r. 1520–1566) : Warriors were motivated by "Gaza," or holy warfare
: Religious minorities (Jews and Christians) governed their own communal affairs. : Warriors were motivated by "Gaza